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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

The machine espresso coffee machine uses precise pressure, as well as a filtering system that is awe-inspiring to create the coffee you love. How exactly does it work?

Espresso is produced by pushing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However the pressure is the primary difference.

The Head of the Group

As the name suggests, the group head is where you place your portafilter when making espresso. It distributes water into the portafilter, and regulates the pressure of extraction. There are several different types of group head each with its distinct advantages and disadvantages. Some focus on temperature stability, others on pre-infusion capabilities, and still others are designed to control the lever. Some include a combination like the E61. This is a very popular choice for baristas since it provides multiple advantages in a single package.

As you can see in the image above the head of the group has a number of notches. You can place your portafilter in these notches, then turn the head around to secure it. There is also a rubber gasket in the notches to help create an airtight seal after inserting your portafilter into the machine. The notches on the head allow for a precise location of the portafilter which is crucial for a consistent extraction.

Aside from allowing you to effortlessly insert your portafilter the group head is responsible to maintain an even temperature. This is achieved by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew-basket, ensuring that the temperature is at the right level for extraction. It is important to remember that even a few degree difference can make the difference between a decent and a great espresso maker for home.

The Pump

Contrary to manual piston machines which rely on a lever that pressurize water, Rotary barista espresso coffee machine machines rely on motorized pumps to supply the nine atmospheric bars of pressure that are required for espresso extraction. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps tend to be cheaper than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, although both types of machines could become damaged due to excessive use and poor cleaning. They also add mechanical complexity, which can result in the cost of even the simplest models.

Certain espresso machines remove the pump entirely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. This can lead to over-extraction as the boiler that produces steam also causes the water to boil. Additionally the machines espresso often have to rebuild their pressure between cups, which takes time and energy.

Many espresso machines employ either a rotary or vibration pump, which is a vibration model using a vibrating disc to create pressure, and an rotary model that pushes hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both machines can make excellent espresso however rotary machines tend to be quieter, more durable and less likely to break down.

The Boiler

The boiler is used to heat the water to a temperature that is ideal for extraction. The steam produced is then directed to the portafilter, which contains the espresso coffee grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. The steam creates enough pressure to push the grounds of coffee through. This results in a layer of crema on top. This is one of the hallmarks of a great espresso.

There are three types of espresso makers, and they differ in the type of pump they use and the degree of heat that the brew is. There are different ways to control the amount of brew, as well as the size of the cup that can be produced by the machine.

The first espresso machines were steam-types. The earliest espresso machines were steam types. This led to the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. This is why the Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine.

The most well-known espresso machine is a semiautomatic model with an electric pump. These are what people imagine when they imagine an espresso machine. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp your beans yourself The pump, however, regulates the water flow and pressure. This is a fantastic solution that combines human control with mechanised reliability.

The Filter

Typically, espresso machines use filters that separate the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a crucial component of the temperature control system as it prevents the machine from overheating.

It also enhances flavor as a filter can allow for a longer bloom time. This lets the beans release their nuances, and allows for better extraction.

It is important to remember that even the most efficient filter can produce a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, and the extraction, are still very important.

It's here that the magic happens. This is the reason why espresso tastes so delicious. The grouphead, also referred to as the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the device you put the ground coffee and espresso maker into) is placed when making espresso.

In an espresso machine that is driven by steam, hot water is heated in an airtight container to create steam. This then pushes the hot water through the grounds at a high pressure. These machines are cheaper and easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited in their ability for creating the ideal conditions for brewing, as they operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They use an air-compressor to push hot water through the ground, and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.