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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee lover you're likely aware that different varieties of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Find out more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, more tart flavor profile and are often utilized in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are responsible for 75% of the global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The aroma and taste of a coffee may vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and processing methods employed to produce it.

The word "coffee" actually comes from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energy-rich after eating these berries, and the cultivation of coffee soon became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes and thrive in cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of Coffee Beans Types.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops concentrate on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner, by emphasizing fair wages for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique coffees, which are suitable for many different brewing techniques. Blending gives control over the taste, aroma, body and acidity of coffee. It is usually used to create an even and balanced taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most commonly used variety of coffee bean to cup coffee beans that is grown worldwide. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and may grow in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sun. It is faster growing and produces more coffee beans price per plant than arabica, which makes it a cheaper crop to grow.

Although it might seem odd it's true that Robusta beans are often blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there is also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and preserve quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it's important to choose a high-quality beans from a source you trust. The best method to achieve this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped that makes them different from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a scent that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are often paired with other coffee bean coffee beans to give the fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans types beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for home-growing. Online, you can buy the seeds from various sources. However, it's best to purchase the beans from local producers in order to guarantee quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils, with a pH that is moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once thought to be a separate species, but was later re-classified to be a variant of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. They have a distinct flavor that is both fruity and tart which has made them a popular choice for blends in house. They are also less pronounced in the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta however they still have an unusual quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after type of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't quite so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were regarded as distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Nowadays, they're grown mostly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped like a teardrop and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a tangy taste of ripe fruits.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are known for having the most delicious taste. They thrive in tropical and warm environments and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If they are brewed correctly and roast properly they can be flavored like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most popular coffee around the world. It makes up around 40% of all coffee consumed globally. Robusta beans are smaller and more round, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody taste.

After learning about the four most commonly used types and their characteristics, it's time to pick your favorite drink. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors opt for an arabica, or a blend consisting of robusta and arabica beans.