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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee, you likely already know that different varieties of beans have distinct flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and more tart flavor profile and are often added to blends of beans to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after coffee worldwide with 75% of the global coffee bean production. Arabica beans are sweeter and less acidic than Robusta, and are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of a coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and processing techniques employed to produce it.

The word 'coffee' actually derives from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that are cultivated inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized after eating fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee spread quickly around the world.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes and thrive with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on the ethical source of their arabica beans by focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique coffees that are suitable for a variety of brewing methods. Blending allows for control over the aroma, flavor as well as body and acidity of the coffee and is frequently preferred to create a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee bean that is grown worldwide. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids could cause oxidation during the strong coffee beans brewing process and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica and is able to thrive in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and is growing faster than arabica. This makes it a efficient crop to grow.

Although it might sound odd the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended together to create coffee blends. If you find names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee, it's possible that there is also some robusta.

The majority of roasters utilize a mix of arabica and coffee beans to reduce costs and preserve quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it's crucial to select a top-quality bean from a source you can trust. The best method to achieve this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped that makes them different from other varieties of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with the smoky notes. They are often added to other bean varieties to add a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. The seeds can be found on the internet from a variety of sources, but it is best to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are grown on large unroasted coffee beans plants, which can grow to 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both fruity and tart which has made them a popular selection in blends for house. They have a less pronounced aroma and higher caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta however they possess a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually regarded as distinct species of coffee up until 2006, when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. The coffee beans are shaped as teardrops and possess a dark, eerie taste. They are frequently utilized to give blends extra body and a tangy taste of ripe fruits.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are well-known for their the most delicious taste. They thrive best at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they may have notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is an almost identical choice to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

Once you've mastered the four most common types of coffee beans you can now choose your ideal coffee beans types (Related Site). If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors opt for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.